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Blood in stool, also known as rectal bleeding, can be alarming and may signal a problem within the digestive tract. Depending on the location of the bleeding, the blood can vary in appearance from bright red to maroon or even black and tarry. While it can sometimes result from minor issues, like hemorrhoids, it may also be a sign of more serious conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease or colorectal cancer. Identifying the source of the bleeding is essential to determining the best course of treatment.

Symptoms

The presence of blood in stool can present with various symptoms, depending on the underlying cause. These may include:Ìý

• ÌýAbdominal pain or cramping
• Changes in bowel habits, such as constipation or diarrhea
• Fatigue or weakness
• Unintended weight loss
• Dizziness or lightheadedness in cases of significant blood loss

Testing

To determine the cause of blood in stool, ¾«¶«Ó°Òµcare providers may use several diagnostic tests, including:Ìý

Physical Exam

A physical exam can help assess for any external causes of bleeding, such as hemorrhoids or anal fissures, and may include a digital rectal exam to check for abnormalities.

EndoscopyÌý

An endoscopy allows for examination of the upper digestive tract, including the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine, to identify sources of bleeding like ulcers or esophageal varices.

ColonoscopyÌý

A colonoscopy visualizes the colon and rectum, helping to identify causes of bleeding, such as polyps, diverticulosis, inflammation, or tumors.

Imaging

Imaging tests, such as CT scans, video capsule endoscopy, or MRIs, may be used to view the digestive tract and identify abnormalities that could be causing bleeding, which may or may not include tumors or diverticular disease.Ìý

Causes of Rectal BleedingÌý

• Blood in stool can result from a variety of conditions, including:
• Hemorrhoids: Swollen veins in the rectum or anus that can bleed, especially during bowel movements.
• Anal fissures: Small tears in the lining of the anus that cause pain and bleeding.Ìý
• ÌýDiverticulitis: Pouches in the colon that can become inflamed or infected, leading to bleeding.
• Colorectal polyps or cancer: Growths in the colon that can bleed, potentially signaling a risk for colon cancer.
• Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): Conditions like Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis that cause inflammation and bleeding in the digestive tract.
• Gastrointestinal infections: Infections in the digestive tract may cause inflammation and bleeding. Ìý

TreatmentÌý

MedicationÌý

Medications may be used to treat the underlying cause of bleeding. Depending on the diagnosis, these can include anti-inflammatory drugs for conditions like IBD, antibiotics for infections, or other targeted treatments.

Cautery

For certain types of bleeding, cautery procedures can be performed to seal blood vessels, stopping the bleeding and promoting healing. This is commonly done during endoscopic procedures.Ìý

How to Prevent Blood in Stool

Preventing blood in stool involves maintaining proper nutrition and a ¾«¶«Ó°Òµy digestive tract. To reduce your risk:

• Eat a high-fiber diet to promote regular bowel movements and avoid constipation.
• Stay hydrated to help soften stools and prevent straining.
• Avoid straining during bowel movements, which can cause hemorrhoids and anal fissures.
• Address underlying conditions promptly, especially inflammatory bowel disease or diverticulitis.

When to See a Doctor

If you notice blood in your stool, it’s important to seek medical advice, especially if other symptoms like abdominal pain, weight loss, fatigue, or a change in bowel habits accompany it. Early diagnosis and treatment can help manage the underlying cause effectively and prevent potential complications.

NYGA is committed to providing expert, compassionate care for all your digestive ¾«¶«Ó°Òµ needs. Our team of experienced gastroenterologists offers comprehensive evaluations, advanced diagnostic testing, and personalized treatment plans to address conditions like blood in stool and a wide range of other GI issues.

Schedule your appointment today and take the first step toward better digestive wellness.